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[ English ] [ Italian ]

terms marked with ^† are often without further comment. They come from the experience of people who have translated large tracts of Salesian literature, e.g. Fr Borgatelli’s translation of the Memorie Biografiche. In other words most of these terms are dated ones, found only or mainly in older Salesian texts.To view terms in context, click on the text indicator below the term (not all terms have one as yet). Use the 'find' facility in Notepad or other to find the precise location of the term in context. Return to Finding Your Way

Cafasso, Giuseppe	IT	Joseph Cafasso	EN-EN	Member of the Turinese clergy, first encountered by young John Bosco when the former was a 1st year student of theology at the seminary. DB tells us that it was from Cafasso that he first learned of the importance of the liturgy as the priestly theatre and recreation. We normally continue to use the Italian 'Don' rather than 'Fr' since it is an historical reference.	When Don Bosco enrolled at the Convitto Ecclesiastico Cafasso was a professor of theology there. By 1846 he was the Rector. Don Bosco says of Cafasso that his secret was his tranquillity, always smiling, always courteous, always kind. Cafasso was one of the important sources of the Salesian style and the Preventive System.
Calosso, Don	IT	Don Calosso	IT-IT	The young John Bosco's priest-friend whom he loved more than a father, by his own estimation. Calosso set him on his way as a young student, but also in terms of spiritual direction. The death of Calosso and subsequent events were also decisive in Bosco's spiritual journey.	We normally continue to use the Italian 'Don' rather than 'Fr' since it is an historical reference.
Camerette 328vigano.txt - visita alle camerette di Don Bosco, il dialogo con gli operatori della scuola da riunire nella cattedrale di Torino	IT	Don Bosco’s rooms 鮑思高神父睡房	EN-EN ZH	Reference to the rooms built by Don Bosco and where he lived at the time, at the Oratory. These days converted to a museum in memory of Don Bosco.	By the time John Bosco was himself at the seminary and preparing for ordination, Cafasso was his spiritual director and was responsible for his appointment to the Rifugio in Turin, for his involvement in the prisons and with young people in catechetics.
cammino 380chavez2.txt - cammino formativo e spirituale; vivendo Return to top	IT	path, journey, curriculum… 行程課程…	EN-EN ZH	Needs to be seen in context. Literally a pathway or journey, but can refer to a variety of things of this kind. In reference to the GC23 document on Education to the Faith of the young Fr Vecchi uses both terms, cammino and itinerario, the latter meaning something more purposeful by way of a curriculum of faith.	Note: Cammino di educazione alla fede as a typical context. The journey theme has a biblical background, and the particular energy for the Salesian journey of faith, helping young people in their journey of faith, is our spirituality.
campo di (pastorale giovanile, comunicazione sociale...) 289vigano.txt - designa l’indole propria e ne individua i destinatari, assegnandoci un 0campo di «pastorale giovanile»	IT	(youth ministry, social communications..) field	EN-EN	The term campo is the most general in its use and perhaps best expresses the vastness of the field. Other references to sector or department are much more specific in their usage in the Salesian context. Ambit or area is similarly specific for the FMA.
Cagliero, Giovanni	IT	John Cagliero	EN-EN	As a boy, a member of the first group to be invited to form the Salesian Society at the Oratory. On 26th January 1854, Cagliero, Rua, Rocchetti, Artiglia, together with Don Bosco, gathered in his room at his request and the proposal was made to exercise practical charity towards their neighbour. This event was also the first when the name Salesian was applied. He became the first Salesian Bishop while Don Bosco was still alive. Later became Cardinal	Led the first missionary expedition. Famous photo of Don Bosco handing over the Constitutions on the occasion of the departure to Argentina in 1875.
cancelliere eg03-Il Segretario Ispettoriale.txt - Ciò significa che il Segretario ispettoriale ha funzione di «notaio» o «3cancelliere» nella Return to top	IT	chancellor 校長	EN-EN ZH	One of the roles of the provincial secretary. Cf. 3.2.1 Elementi Giuridici.
canonizzazione 374vecchi.txt - È recente la canonizzazione di Mons. Luigi Versiglia.	IT	canonisation 列聖品宣聖禮	EN-EN ZH	The ultimate step in a long process which begins with the decree of heroic virtue.
capacità per dialogo e per la comunicazione	IT	a capacity (an ability) for dialogue and communication	EN-EN	Amongst the many abilities required of the Salesian, especially today, this capacity is given a degree of special emphasis.
^†capire Roma per toma	IT	^†to mishear	EN-EN
capitolo della casa Pv12.txt - il CG XIX, per uniformare le denominazioni di tutti gli organi della Congregazione, deliberava che il «Capitolo Superiore» prendesse il nome di «Consiglio Superiore», così come il «0Capitolo della casa» si sarebbe chiamato «Consiglio della casa».	IT	House Chapter 會院會議	EN-EN ZH	now obsolete. Referred to now as the council of the community
Capitolo Generale CG	IT	General Chapter GC	EN-EN	The principle sign of unity in diversity of the Congregation, a General Chapter is a means by which the entire Society seeks to know the will of God, in a particular moment of history, in order to serve the Church better. (C. 146)	The first GC was held in 1877, one year after the definitive approval of the Society. DB was present for the first four, until 1886.
Capitolo Generale Speciale Return to top	IT	Special General Chapter	EN-EN	The Special General Chapter was requested of all Religious Institutes after Vatican Council II in the Motu Propio Ecclesiae Sanctae. For Salesians it was also the 20th General Chapter.	The aim, as spelt out in Ecclesiae Sanctae, was to begin the path of renewal and adaptation, (revision of the Constitutions) as well as a return to the Founder's primitive inspirations, by means of a wide and free consultation of members
capitolo ispettoriale Rfcap04.txt - Il Capitolo ispettoriale, in particolare, in quanto "riunione fraterna nella quale le comunità	IT	provincial chapter 會省代表大會省代會	EN-EN ZH	There is also, from time to time a Special Provincial Chapter	English is more likely to capitalise these terms
Capitolo Superiore 332vigano.txt confessarsi da lui; fu invitato qualche volta anche alle riunioni del Consiglio generale (allora «0Capitolo superiore»).	IT	Superior Chapter 總部議會	EN-EN ZH	Now obsolete and referred to instead as General Council	Return to Index
cappellano chavezsalvrag02.txt - proprio la sua dura esperienza di 2cappellano nelle carceri torinesi,	IT	chaplain	EN-EN	The term applies to the priest who is a chaplain for religious services, e.g. for a local community of Sisters.	At times it may be preferable to use the complete descriptive term, i.e. chaplain for religious services
car ij mè fieuj	IT-PIE	My dear children 我親愛的孩子	EN-EN ZH	Piedmontese dialect and regularly used by Don Bosco to address either his boys or his Salesians	Cf. comment on 'giovani' in this Thesaurus for a better sense of what 'fieuj' can mean in certain contexts.
carisma 376vecchi.txt - missione e del Fondatore, il desiderio di continuare il suo carisma e di far vivere il suo spirito Return to top	IT	charism 神恩	EN-EN ZH	The term is relatively recent in Salesian discourse – not to be found in the letters of Fr Ricceri, for example. But abundant in those of Fr Viganò.	Vat. II has provided the contemporary ecclesial (and Salesian) understanding of the term – graces widely distributed among the faithful to the point where we can talk of the charismatic structure of the Church as distinct from its organisational structure.
carisma del fondatore Cartcom.txt - carisma del Fondatore. Essa si inserisce nella pastorale delle chiese locali dando il proprio originale	IT	Charism of the Founder 會祖神恩	EN-EN ZH	Vat II did not yet speak of charism of the founder but spirit of the founder. Ultimately Fr Viganò preferred neither spirit nor charism but patrimony or perhaps heritage.	Synonymous terms: primitive inspiration, particular vocation.
carisma salesiano 385chavez.txt - inculturarsi in questo ambiente, facendo dono della propria vita nel carisma salesiano.	IT	Salesian charism	EN-EN	The term has two references, one being wider than the SDB context, viz., the charism of St Francis de Sales. But it has to be said that normally Salesians mean Salesian charism of Don Bosco, even when they do not specify the complete term.	In this sense it is something fairly general, something that can be lived by the different groups in the Salesian Family or even beyond it. We talk of 'inculturating' (enculturating) the Salesian charism in today's world and in various cultures. It has many dimensions (e.g. Marian) and a distinct style.
^†Carissimo Sig. Teologo	IT	^†Dear Father	EN-EN	A salutation often used by Don Bosco in his letters
carità 380chavez16.txt - carità e servizio, Return to top	IT	charity 愛德	EN-EN ZH	Desramaut includes the term among his 100 words of Salesian spirituality. It could not be otherwise. Cf. terms like carità educativa	From the very beginning, from the famous promise of charity, DB spoke of the exercise of charity toward one’s neighbour as the purpose of his incipient Society.
carità educativa 354vecchi.txt - determinazione. Si è plasmata come carità educativa. Mosso dalla passione	IT	educational charity 教育愛德	EN-EN ZH	Charity, love of God is at the core of Salesian spirituality and finds its expression in particular and distinctive ways for the Salesian, education and pastoral ministry.	The phrase appears to be charactersitic of Fr Vecchi rather than Fr Viganò. There are no examples of the latter employing it.
carità pastorale Rfcap12.txt - dalla carità pastorale e in riferimento ad essa"	IT	pastoral charity 牧民愛德牧者愛德	EN-EN ZH		Return to Index
Carta della Missione della Famiglia Salesiana 380chavez14.txt - Accompagnare lo studio della Carta di Comunione e della Carta della Missione della Famiglia Salesiana.	IT	Common Mission Statement (of the Salesian Family)	EN-EN	Inspirational document produced in 2000 for the entire Salesian Family
Carta di comunione nella Famiglia Salesiana 355vecchi.txt -"Carta di comunione nella Famiglia Salesiana".	IT	Common Identity Card 慈幼大家庭共同身份證	EN-EN ZH	The term usually in its shortened form – we could add: of the Salesian Family	Inspirational document produced in late 20^th Century
casa ^†casa di beneficenza SDB-Regolamenti-i.txt Dove la situazione lo consente, si proceda all'erezione canonica della casa	IT	house ^†charitable institution 會院	EN-EN ZH	Note that in Salesian terminology it is more likely to refer to a community, work or Salesian presence. The Italian word has broader meaning also of home. But there is the Casa religiosa or Religious House understood in canonical terms as a public non- collegial juridical person.	Note the wider sense in the extended casa di beneficenza
casa annessa DBcenstor.txt - questo bisogno si studiò di provvedere colla casa annessa e detta anche Oratorio di S. Francesco di Sales Return to top	IT	The Annex 附屬會院	EN-EN ZH	1847 DB began a work of ‘recovery’ for youngsters deprived of a place to live, by taking up some more space in the Pinardi House.	It began simply as a place from where they could attend school or go to work in the city. It gradually became a boarding school and was the beginnings of the convitto-collegio experience.
casa che accoglie, parrocchia che evangelizza, scuola che avvia alla vita e cortile per incontrarsi da amici e vivere in allegria	IT	a house that welcomes, a parish that evangelises, a school that prepares for life and a courtyard where people can meet in friendship and enjoy themselves	EN-EN	C. 40 and the central, normative Constitution of the Congregation. This is otherwise known as the oratory criterion.
Casa Generalizia 304vigano.txt - In gennaio, prima di partire per Dakar, avevo potuto assistere, qui nella 2Casa Generalizia	IT	Generalate 慈幼會總院	EN-EN ZH	Generalate preferred term. General House may be used
Casa Madre Cg20-3.txt - BONGIOANNI Don Egidio - Direttore Casa Madre di Torino 24.	IT	Mother House 母院	EN-EN ZH	Refers to Turin, Valdocco, always, whereas occasionally these days the Casa Generalizia (Rome) is referred to as the Casa del Padre, or the Father’s house, not to be confused with heaven!!.	Return to Index
Casa Pinardi DBcenstor.txt - In quest’anno fu presa a pigione e di poi comperata casa Pinardi nella regione Valdocco, dove sorse l’Oratorio ... Return to top	IT	Pinardi House/Shed	EN-EN	Reference to the beginnings of the Oratory and the famous snatch of conversation recorded by Don Bosco between himself and Pancrazio Soave offering 'a laboratory' instead of 'an Oratory' (Recorded in the Memoirs of the Oratory)	Cf also shed.
Casetta 385chavez.txt - estremi confini della terra". Dall’umile Casetta dei Becchi alla Città di Torino, da Torino a tutta	IT	The Cottage 農舍小屋	EN-EN ZH	Don Bosco’s place of growing up (home) at The Becchi is referred to in Italian as the Casetta.	In English we cannot use little house! (which has a connotation of outhouse) Small home maybe, or simply home, but the better term for general reference to this entity seems to be The Cottage
Castelnuovo d'Asti Dbdomsav.txt - Castelnuovo d'Asti, paese distante dieci miglia...	IT	Castelnuovo d'Asti	EN-EN	If it were translated into English which of course it is not, it would be rendered as Newcastle-belonging-to-Asti. Don Bosco, in his life of Dominic Savio, describes the town as being 10 miles from Turin...it is a little further in reality.	Castelnuovo d'Asti has since been renamed as Castelnuovo Don Bosco. As a town area or municipality it includes Murialdo, and The Becchi, so is significant not only for its association with Don Bosco and family but also Dominic Savio, Don Cafasso, Don Calosso, to name a but a few.
castità consacrata Costituzioni2.txt - La castità consacrata per il Regno è un "dono prezioso della grazia divina dato dal... Return to top	IT	chastity, consecrated 奉獻的貞潔	EN-EN ZH	The term in its complete form here was not used by DB. He spoke of the vow of chastity in general, though he also writes of purity as the virtue whereby we become fully consecrated to God.	Today we speak of consecrated chastity, consecrated celibacy, celibacy for the Kingdom of God..evangelical chastity.
catechesi 385_orientfragvoc.txt - che implica una solida catechesi con una iniziazione alla vita sacramentale, alla devozione mariana,	IT	catechesis 教理講授	EN-EN ZH	In the NT the verb form indicates oral instruction. In its use today (especially following Catechesi Tradendae 1979) it has a much broader application.	Don Bosco presented his life of instructing the young in faith as an act of catechesis, not so much with that word itself, but in practice. His term for his work, though, was often expressed as fare catechismo. The Oratory began with such an act, as expressed in the story of Bartolomeo Garelli. In fact for DB it began as early as ten years of age, gathering youngsters around the barn at home.
catechismo Dbrataz.txt - virtù ed orrore al vizio, coll’insegnamento del catechismo e con appropriate istruzioni morali; s’indirizzano	IT	catechism 天主教教理	EN-EN ZH	note that in DB’s context fare catechismo meant much more than teaching religion. It was almost synonymous with the Oratory.
Catechist Sisters of Mary Immaculate and Help of Christians SMI	EN	Catechist Sisters of Mary Immaculate and Help of Christians SMI	EN-EN	Founded in 1948 in Krishnagar by Bishop Morrow SDB.	Members of the Salesian Family Return to Index
catechista DBricdirett.txt - direzione è affidata al Catechista. Return to top	IT	catechist 傳道員	EN-EN ZH	In Salesian contexts it used to apply to a role – a priest in the community who responsibility was that of a spiritual moderator.	The term is still used in some Salesian places e.g. Philippines but not everywhere else.
causa di canonizzazione	IT	Cause of canonisation 列品案	EN-EN ZH	New rules came into force through the Apostolic Constitution Divinus Perfectionis Magister 1983. A ‘cause’ in juridical terms, is something brought to a tribunal. A ‘process’ is the set of actions taken over time.	cf also canonisation, beatification, Servant of God
celebrazione liturgica Rfcap11.txt - La celebrazione liturgica della professione perpetua abbia una solennità che la distingua	IT	liturgical celebration 禮儀慶典	EN-EN ZH	The term is included among Desramaut’s 100 words of Salesian spirituality. It presents no particular linguistic problem	Salesian tradition always regarded attention to the Church’s disposition in this area seriously: ‘clear, distinct and devout pronunciation of the words of the divine office’ would be one example. Today, in line with contemporary ecclesial thinking, liturgical celebration is seen as an important aspect of who we are as Christian and Salesian.
celebret Return to top	LA	celebret	LA	A document from the Bishop or Religious Superior allowing a priest to celebrate Mass	Return to Index
cenciosi	IT	wretches 可憐的人	EN-EN ZH	literally in rags.
Cenni Storici DBpianreg.txt - ideologizzate rispetto alla rievocazioni più tardive (Cenni storici 1862, Memorie dell’Oratorio 1873…)	IT	Historical Outlines 歷史概要	EN-EN ZH	Cf. Also cenno istorico and cenno storico. Don Bosco wrote several cenni storici as preambles to major documents, e.g. To the articles of the Constitutions, to applications for both diocesan and pontifical approval of the Congregation.	In the 1862 version DB describes the beginnings of the Oratory as a response to the situation of young people on the streets, in factories, and in prison – all at risk for want of religious instruction.
Cenno istorico	IT	Historical Outline 歷史概要	EN-EN ZH	Presented in Rome 1874, its full title was Cenno istorico sulla Congregazione di S. Francesco di Sales e relativi schiarimenti (Historical Note on the Congregation of St. Francis de Sales and certain clarifications)
Cenno Storico DBtrelet.txtPlus16MoreFiles.txt - "IL PIANO DI REGOLAMENTO" E IL "3CENNO STORICO" DELL’ORATORIO DI S. Return to top	IT	Historical Outline 歷史概要	EN-EN ZH	1854, Cenno Storico dell’Oratorio di S. Francesco di Sales, later joined by a version in 1862, Cenni Storici	Return to Index
centri vocazionali	IT	centres for vocation(al) discernment 聖召辨認中心	EN-EN ZH	Depending on context this term may refer to a centre for religious or priestly discernment or for a more general discernment for young people as to their life direction.
Centro Catechistico Salesiano CCS	IT	Salesian Catechetical Centre 慈幼會教理中心	EN-EN ZH	Founded in 1939 by the then RM Fr Peter Ricaldone
centro di animazione di tempo libero	IT	Leisure Centre 業餘活動中心康樂中心	EN-EN ZH	Not necessarily the same entity as a youth centre, however.
Centro di Studi Don Bosco Cg20-2.txt - d) pianificare i mezzi più idonei per garantire lo sviluppo del 0Centro di Studi Don Bosco	IT	Don Bosco Study Centre 鮑思高學術中心	EN-EN ZH	Founded at UPS 1973 as part of the post-conciliar development of a scientific historical study of the Salesian charism
centro di formazione PGmanCapitolo 4.txt - diventare la Parrocchia un centro di formazione cristiana dei laici.	IT	education centre	EN-EN	For translators, the Italian term may be a 'false friend'. Rarely if ever does it refer to a place for initial or ongoing Salesian religious formation (these are called Study Centres). Instead the term refers more to what we would call education in English.	However, the term may often be applied to a centre of Salesian formation (or Christian formation) for lay people. cf. formation
centro giovanile Return to top 379chavez.txt - proporlo a ciascun ragazzo del nostro oratorio o centro giovanile o scuola, con le parole	IT	youth centre 青年中心	EN-EN ZH	Be aware that there is actually a distinction in theory between Oratory and Youth Centre (cf. R. 11,12) but it rarely applies in practice. There is also, according to GC21 a third term, the combination of Oratory-Youth Centre. This is an environment open to all ages and appropriately managed for each age group.	GC21 nos 121ff offer descriptions and definitions of both entities. For the Youth Centre it suggests that it is an environment for older youth (giovani as distinct from ragazzi), is attentive to their needs, is based very much on group relationships, personal contacts and commitment. It often has a variety of activities like sports, cultural activities.
Centro Nazionale Opere Salesiane CNOS	IT	National Centre for Salesian Works 國立慈幼會事業中心	EN-EN ZH	An entity with legal status in Italy
Centro Salesiano Pastorale Giovanile CSPG	IT	Salesian Youth Ministry Centre 慈幼會青年牧民中心	EN-EN ZH	The term refers to an institution in the Italian context. It could be used more generally however.
Centro Studi di Storia delle Missioni	IT	Study Centre for the History of the Salesian Missions 傳教史研究中心	EN-EN ZH	Founded 1975, UPS.
Ceria, Eugenio	IT	Eugene Ceria	En-EN	An early biographer of St John Bosco. Cf Biographical Memoirs. Annals of the Society.
ceti popolari eg08-Casa Religiosa e Comunità Locale.txt - adeguato campo di servizio alla gioventù e ai ceti popolari.	IT	poor people in general 平民階級	EN-EN ZH	The gloss chosen here is that of C. 29. Similar Italian terms: ambienti popolari, adulti del basso popolo (DB)	Return to Index
Chávez Villanueva, Pascual	SP	Pascual Chávez Villanueva	SP-SP	Fr. Pascual Chávez Villanueva was elected Rector Major by the 25th General Chapter, 3rd April 2002; he is the ninth successor of Don Bosco and the first non-Italian of non-Italian parentage to lead the Congregation (Fr Vecchi was Argentinian but of Italian parentage).
^†chiericato, far il	IT	^†to prepare for the priesthood	EN-EN
chierico Return to top Pv5.txt - salesiano presbitero o diacono (o «chierico»);	IT	cleric 神職修士	EN-EN ZH	A term in canon law for one who has received the tonsure but in Salesian circles it has often been used more broadly. In written language we should retain cleric only for the canon law sense and otherwise use seminarian or practical trainee, depending on the circumstances	Don Bosco’s ‘clerics’ (who were not officially clerics in canon law) were often no more than 16 years of age. In the Indian Salesian Provinces, a decision has been taken to use the initials Cl. in writing (and hence to apply the term 'cleric' in spoken language) to distinguish a Salesian in formation towards priesthood from the Salesian Brother in formation.
chiesa Formazione specifica.txt - vocazionale del confratello e della comunità e agli orientamenti della Chiesa" (FSDB 447).	IT	church 教堂	EN-EN ZH	The term, at least in English, is capitalised when in reference to the broader concept – without capitals if talking about a specific place. unless it is the Church of…	No question that church as a concept is fundamental to DB’s thinking, but no question too, that our post-Vatican II understanding of Church differs greatly from DB’s, centred so much on institution and papacy.
(la) Chiesa nel mondo Return to top Cg23.txt - conoscere la volontà di Dio per un servizio migliore alla Chiesa nel mondo	IT	(the) Church in the world	EN-EN	The relationship Church-world in our own times was the reason for Pope John XXIII convoking Vatican II. Understandably it finds multiple reference in Salesian post-conciliar documentation and thinking.	The new understanding of the Church's presence in the world has caused a crisis in spirituality. We do not understand Don Bosco's ritiratezza or fuga mundi quite so easily, the value of consecrated life is put in question, authority is questioned, and people lose their bearings in the acceleration of history.
chiesa pubblica eg12-Comunicazione fra segretaria ispettoriale e segretaria generale.txt - (locale o ispettoriale), parroco, preside di scuola, incaricato di oratorio, rettore di 0chiesa pubblica,	IT	public church 公開的教堂	EN-EN ZH	A canonical term. A church open to public worship.	These are often not clearly delineated in provincial statistics but they do exist.
chiesa universale Cartcom.txt - famiglia Salesiana, sia nella Chiesa universale, che in Don Bosco ha riconosciuto e riconosce un	IT	Universal Church	EN-EN	The term originates from the Magisterium of the Church. At Vatican II it was expressed also in the image of the People of God. The Universal Church is seen as the communion of Particular Churches dedicated to the service of humankind in different countries and cultures. To understand how the papacy functions in the Church, we must understand that the Universal Church is not a Diocese of the Pope, but he represents the communion of Particular Churches headed up by Bishops. Another term in this discussion, then, is collegiality.	Universal Church contrasts with Particular Church. We normally capitalise both terms in English. C. 59 makes reference to the place that the Congregation has in the Universal Church.
cholera asiaticus Return to top	LA	cholera asiaticus 亞洲霍亂	LA ZH	Italian term is colera. The Latin cholera asiaticus is the formal term for the cholera epidemic that struck Turin in the 1850’s, summer 1854 to be precise, striking the Borgo Dora in a particularly bad way. 1,438 of the 2,533 struck down, died. The parish in which the Oratory was located lost 53% of its people.	Return to Index
Christifideles Laici	LA	On the vocation and the mission of the lay faithful in the Church and in the world	EN-EN	Often quoted simply in its Latin form, this is the Post-Synodal Exhortation of John Paul II published 30th December 1988.
circoscrizione Pv6.txt - una determinata «69circoscrizione» (cf. Cost l6O), il testo costituzionale	IT	circumscription 區域行政區	EN-EN ZH	The term has a canonical and juridical meaning which applies to any province, vice province or separate district.	Its specific Salesian meaning is for an area under direct responsibility of Rector Major or his Vicar – as in the Special Eastern Circumscription, or the General House itself (a circumscription that includes confreres in communities elsewhere, e.g. the Vatican)
Circoscrizione speciale Europa dell’Est EST	IT	East Europe Special Circumscription EST 東歐特殊區域	EN-EN ZH	A Salesian region
civiltà Return to top DBCircolari.txt - e affatto prive di ogni idea di religione e di civiltà.	IT	civilisation 文明	EN-EN ZH	What we have here is a concept, which Desramaut selects as one of his 100 words of Salesian spirituality. As a term it appears infrequently in Salesian texts though it is evident in DB’s own writings.	Certainly many synonyms (good manners and the like) are part of Salesian practical approach to civilisation. Return to Index
clericale Rfcap07.txt - l’abito clericale, cureranno il vestire semplice e dignitoso che Don Bosco consigliava	IT	clerical 神職人員	EN-EN ZH	As used in Canon Law to define the nature of certain Religious Institutes.	The term ‘sacerdotal,’ by contrast, is a less restrictive term than the canonical one
clima 354vecchi.txt l'organizzazione, il clima, le regole e i ruoli.	IT	ambience, environment, climate, atmosphere, setting 氣候環境	EN-EN ZH	A synonym in Italian is ambiente
clima di famiglia 326vigano.txt - esperienza di vita educatori e giovani in un clima di famiglia, di fiducia e di dialogo»	IT	family environment	EN-EN	A Constitutional term (47), synonymous with family spirit and descriptive of the educative community
coadiutore cf also Laicus Return to top Costituzioni2.txt -Il salesiano coadiutore porta in tutti i campi educativi e pastorali il valore proprio	IT	Brother, Lay Salesian Coadjutor Brother 非神職修士修士	EN-UK-AU EN-US ZH	Salesians in a number of English-speaking countries tend not to use the term lay brother. There has always been some variation in the English terminology, perhaps pointing to a more significant difficulty.	If we consider the Italian term coadiutore, we also sense a difficulty, even in Don Bosco's use of the term. Its origins are from the Latin Fratres coadiutores, an ecclesiastical term from earlier times (glossed as Lay Brother in English). It fails to pick up Don Bosco's clever concept of the true Salesian expressed by the lay dimension. The term Lay Salesian (Italian salesiano-laico) has gained some currency in recent times and seems more adequate.
Codex Iuris Canonici CIC	LA	Code of Canon Law 聖教法典	EN-EN ZH	cf canon law
collaboratore 350vigano.txt - Occorre tener presente che il termine «collaboratore» comprende differenti categorie di persone	IT	helper, co-worker, lay partner.. 合作者	EN-EN ZH	Note that collaborator still carries negative connotations in some parts of the English-speaking world. A preferred term could be lay partner.
Colle Don Bosco	IT	Colle Don Bosco 鮑思高崗	IT ZH	Remains untranslated – a place name for where Don Bosco was born – the hill, literally. Today it refers to the entire complex of buildings and memories of Don Bosco's childhood and is a place of pilgrimage dominated by the large Temple.	There is also the Hill of the Beatitudes nearby.
collegio DBCircolari.txt - Annunzio pertanto che il Capitolo Generale suddetto si terrà nel nostro Collegio di Return to top	IT	boarding college 學院	EN-EN ZH	The term today may translate simply as college, but in Salesian contexts it has always implied boarders. Be aware that in the US ‘college’ would be an inaccurate rendition, applying as it does only to a post-secondary institution.	The ‘invention’ of the Salesian collegio was a significant development in DB’s later period. It gives rise to collegializzazione in Italian, barely translatable in English. The Annex was effectively the beginnings of the collegio
colloquio SDB-Regolamenti-i.txt - I confratelli in formazione iniziale faranno una volta al mese il colloquio con il	IT