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terms marked with ^† are often without further comment. They come from the experience of people who have translated large tracts of Salesian literature, e.g. Fr Borgatelli’s translation of the Memorie Biografiche. In other words most of these terms are dated ones, found only or mainly in older Salesian texts. To view terms in context, click on the text indicator below the term (not all terms have one as yet). Use the 'find' facility in Notepad or other to find the precise location of the term in context Return to Finding Your Way
radiografia Cg20-6.txt - Ispettorie ne desiderano un numero maggiore, con competenze ben definite; cfr Radiografia dei primi	IT	overview X光照片分析	EN-EN ZH	Avoid transliterating as radiography, which sounds as if it might exist but in fact does not!
ragione DBbodrato.txt - D. Bosco se ne sbrigava con due parole: Religione e Ragione sono le molle di tutto il mio sistema	IT	reason 理智	EN-EN ZH	Especially in the trinomial of reason, religion, loving-kindness
ragione-religione-amorevolezza Anim87Capitolo 1.txt - sistema preventivo e nelle sue tre grandi risorse: ragione, religione, amorevolezza. Return to top	IT	reason-religion-loving kindness	EN-EN	The most celebrated of Don Bosco's trinomials, expressing the core of the Preventive System. In its Italian form the term may include the article for each noun, may be capitalised also, or may appear without hyphens. Similarly for its English gloss (no articles, however). The order of the items in the term does not vary in either language.	The Logo adopted by the General Administration depicts what could be understood as a house with three columns. The columns are intended, in the official explanation of the Logo, to represent the terms of this trinomial.
ratio fundamentalis institutionis salesiana	LA	Salesian Formation Ratio 慈幼會培育手冊	EN-EN ZH	Another way of describing the Salesian Formation Ratio	Return to Index
ratio institutionis (et studiorum) eg06-Ministeri e Ordini Sacri.txt - esse alla «Ratio Institutionis et Studiorum» (FSDB) salesiana. Si elencano invece le principali	LA	Ratio 培育手冊	EN-EN ZH	Nearly always glossed by its shorter title	Refers to the setting out of the processes of formation studies required by the General Church law for all Religious Congregations and even for secular priesthood
Ratisbonne Return to top	IT	Salesian Theological Institute Ratisbonne	EN-EN	Salesian seminary and study centre in Jerusalem which used be located at Cremisan near Bethlehem. The building, 130 years old, is the property of the Holy See and was administered initially by the Congregation founded by a Jewish convert to Christianity (he converted in France), Fr. Marie-Alphonse Ratisbonne. The female branch of the Congregation is known as the Sisters of Sion	Often we see Salesian Monastery in the official title – this is to fulfil Israeli law regarding its status. The Houses at Cremisan and at Beit Jamal are also known as monasteries. Return to Index
regionale Costituzioni4.txt - con votazione distinta. Ogni consigliere regionale viene eletto preferibilmente su	IT	regional 地區的	EN-EN ZH	The term functions as both a noun - person (Regional) and an adjective. The regional is a relatively new institution in the Congregation and pertains more to the notion of animation than of government; the Regional, even though often termed regional superior in common parlance, is not a superior per se, canonically speaking. He does function in this role by specific appointment as a Visitor on behalf of the Rector Major, however.	Regionals (and therefore regions) were introduced by the 19th General Chapter. Tasks of Regional are (1) to promote a more direct link between provinces and RM and council (2) look after interests of provinces assigned to them (3) ensure knowledge of local situations in council discussions. Cf. also Conferenza ispettoriale
regione SSCS - it.txt - "I centri editoriali che operano in una stessa nazione o regione cerchino forme	IT	region 地區	EN-EN ZH	The constitution of the groups making up regions is the task of the General Chapter--this form of organisation came into being with GC 19.
Regno di Dio Rfcap02.txt - del Regno di Dio tra i giovani. "Vivere e lavorare insieme – affermano le Costituzioni – è per no Return to top	IT	Kingdom of God	EN-EN	Has many synonymous terms: Kingdom of the Father, Kingdom of Christ, Kingdom of justice, love and peace. Regarded as a central Christian and theological mystery with implications for proclamation. Term always capitalised.	The Special General Chapter made an appeal to every province in the Congregation to spare personnel for the building up of the Kingdom of God - here the phrase is understood in its missionary dimension, especially mission ad gentes.
regola di vita cristiana	IT	Rule of Christian Life 基督徒生活規則	EN-EN ZH	Still today the essential title of the regulations for Cooperators, but see its more official form under Regolamento. In this sense it takes up the more general meaning of Rule of Life as something belonging to the Christian and deriving from the Gospels.	A phrase of Don Bosco’s. Nevertheless the term ‘rule of life’ has more general reference, even to our own Constitutions, cf. For example Viganò ACG 348 p. 25. When we capitalise the term to indicate Rule of Life we may be referring to the renewed fundamental code of life (our Rule, Constitutions, Directories etc) as required by Vat. II of all religious congregations.
Regolamenti SDB-Regolamenti-i.txt - Regolamenti generali	IT	Regulations 會規	EN-EN ZH	As in the Constitutions and Regulations
Regolamenti per le case salesiane	IT	Regulations for Salesian Houses 慈幼會會院規則	EN-EN ZH	Published by Don Bosco in 1877
Regolamento dell’Oratorio di S. Francesco di Sales in Valdocco Return to top	IT	Regulations for the Oratory of St. Francis de Sales in Valdocco 華道谷母院細則	EN-EN ZH	Don Bosco’s regulations or statutes are less a case of foundational codices and more a case of lived experiences condensed into regulatory form. The Oratory did not begin from its Rules but preceded them by some years.	Return to Index
Regolamento di Vita Apostolica RVA	IT	Regulations of Apostolic Life RAL 使徒生活守則	EN-EN ZH	Title of ‘Rule’ for Cooperators
regolatore DBCircolari.txt - Scolastico della nostra Società, che avrà l'uffizio di Regolatore nel Capitolo Generale.	IT	moderator 監督	EN-EN ZH	e.g. of Provincial Chapter
Regolatori della Ricreazione	IT	Recreation Monitors 遊戲監督	EN-EN ZH	A role at the Oratory in DB’s time.
religione Dbdomsav.txt - santa nostra cattolica Religione, e che intanto ci	IT	religion 大眾化的宗教	EN-EN ZH	as part of the trinomial reason, religion, loving-kindness.	For DB the term most likely meant the Catholic Religion
religione popolare 292vigano.txt - un’evangelizzazione che faccia della pietà e della religione popolare una delle mete	IT	popular religion	EN-EN	When we meet this term in contemporary Salesian discourse it is most likely not being used in the sociological sense of strange practices of tribal peoples, but in the sense that Don Bosco’s approach to religion was ‘for the people.’ He was interested in the religiosity of ordinary people.	Devotion to Mary Help of Christians typifies what we mean in Salesian discourse by popular religion. DB’s religion was nothing if not Marian and for all (Christians, in his context).
religioni DBscritti.txt - trovarvi più contenti del vostro stato. E se nelle varie Religioni si trovano anche dei Return to top	IT	religions 宗教	EN-EN ZH	The term is deliberately in the plural in both languages. When DB spoke of religione, besides the fundamental virtue of ~, he had in mind the one true Catholic Religion, and all others were false!	Today it is not just that we need to bear in mind this older use of the plural term, but that today also there is an ongoing and difficult debate about inter-religious dialogue.
rendiconto Dbmem.txt - Non dimentichi mai il rendiconto mensile per quanto è possibile; ed in quell’occasione ogni	IT	manifestation 報告訴心	EN-EN ZH	A now largely obsolete term replaced by friendly talk between member of the community and the Rector
rendiconto AGC382 - economia - i.txt - Il 3rendiconto annuale da inviarsi all’Economo Generale.	IT	financial report 財務報告	EN-EN ZH	An accounting term in regular use for Salesian finances	Return to Index
Repertorio domestico	IT	House List 用戶名冊	EN-EN ZH	Very early document in DB’s own hand with information on residents at Valdocco between 1847-53. It tells us that people other than young boarders stayed at Valdocco, e.g. two priests and a seminarian who paid their way.
responsabile (noun form) CSmanImprese.txt - e diretto del responsabile principale	IT	the one in charge, the one responsible 負責人	EN-EN ZH	Avoid glossing with non-standard forms like incharge
Responsabile Maggiore (il/la) Cg23.txt - Responsabile Maggiore delle Volontarie di Don Bosco e alla Superiora Return to top	IT	Moderator General	EN-EN	Term applied to the one in charge of the VDB or CDB. The term would be impossible to gloss adequately in English by retaining the responsabile in some transliterated English form. Cf. next paragraph. Attempts to render it as in-charge, as if that were an acceptable English compound noun also fail IMHO. So the solution is to use the better-understood Moderator.	We have become accustomed to Rector Major, but are definitely not accustomed to Responsible Major! The problem is that while Rector is at least a noun in English, responsible is only an adjective. Return to Index
rete di corrispondenti SSCS - it.txt - g) Organizzare e coordinare la rete di corrispondenti in tutte le aree geografiche	IT	correspondents’ network 通訊網絡	EN-EN ZH	In reference to ANS, the Salesian international news agency. Each province or region is to encourage correspondents to provide news for ANS.
Rettor Maggiore Dbmem.txt - raccomandazioni e gli avvisi per chi, nelle due congregazioni da lui fondate, esercita l’autorità: Il Rettor Maggiore,	IT	Rector Major 總會長	EN-EN ZH	The plural form is probably Rectors Major but by analogy with sergeant major could also be Rector Majors. However, since Rector is the chief element in the term it most likely receives the plural indicator
rettorato 381chavez.txt -valutazioni di questo ormai primo anno di rettorato. Ne ho parlato, dopo i miei viaggi, nelle	IT	term of office of Rector Major 院長職務	EN-EN ZH	Should not be glossed as rectorate in English
Rettore Santuario	IT	Rector of the Shrine 聖殿主任司鐸	EN-EN ZH	Refers to a Church, not a religious community
Ricaldone, Pietro Return to top Return to top	IT	Peter Ricaldone	EN-EN	Rector Major from 1932 to 1951 Peter Ricaldone, the fourth successor of Don Bosco, governed the Salesian Congregation for around twenty years. A man with notable gifts of intellect and government, he gave considerable impulse to the spiritual and professional formation of Salesians, to the development of institutes of higher culture (witness the Pontilifical Salesian University - UPS), to the growth of accredited Schools for Work, to an intense missionary expansion, to catechetical and apologetic animation, to publishing and Mass Media enterprises, and to many other sizeable initiatives. Faithful to the spirit of Don Bosco, he was a man of exceptional religious and organizational temperament. Twice he travelled the world, bringing with that his depth of direction, capacity for heartfelt understanding, and the gradual promotion of locals as well as consideration for emigrants. He multiplied the numbers of professional institutes, assuring them everywhere of the necessary specialised technical personnel.	His concern was for the whole Congregation to the point where he saw professed numbers double over a few short years, but always strictly faithful to its origins. During the ‘30’s at the time of the Spanish Revolution, he animated and comforted, often in secret, with a heart and spirit that took him beyond the divisions of that event. He was also the author of well-received publications. His publishing and socially-minded work in this respect shines out particularly in an Agricultural Library (Biblioteca Agrariana Solariana) of 140 volumes in which, from the time of his leadership in Spain, he had updated current concepts in this arena. He wrote for workers and contractors. And throughout his life he published other works, reinforcing the notion of Don Bosco the Educator not just in theory but in practice. His thinking: in the difficulties of the War (1941) he established that in every Salesian Province there might be a house for young orphaned or refugee children, and that at least some very needy youngsters be received free of charge in each institution.

ricavi

revenues

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EN-EN

Accounting terminology

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Ricceri, Luigi

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Luigi Ricceri

IT-IT

Rector Major from 1965 to 1977

Luigi Ricceri was a Sicilian. From the moment of his election he clearly and succinctly declared what would become his basic programme of government: “Forward with Don Bosco alive today, in order to respond to the needs of our time and the expectations of the Church”. He pursued this intention consistently through to the end of his mandate, on the eve of which Don Ricceri again reaffirmed: “The objects of our mission is the young, thrust by our era into a position of central importance. They have become an explosive and uncontainable force...

His period as Rector Major, at a time of social and cultural upheaval, was accompanied by and tested right from the start by the strong youth reactions of the 60’s Besides the young themselves, these times also involved the many institutions connected with them: schools and associations, educators and legislators, state and ecclesial bodies.

This ‘dynamic fidelity’ to the spirit of the Founder is a recurring and emerging theme in the Superior’s words and writings, but above all in the concrete initiatives offered in his frequent and well-focused journeys abroad, and in the meetings with those responsible for religious and other sectors. Amongst other things Don Ricceri transferred the General Administration of the Salesian Society to Rome - bringing to fruition an idea already contemplated by earlier Rector Majors. In doing so he split it off from the Mother House in Turin and inserted it more decisively at the spiritual, geographic and organizational heart of the Church.

^†ricoverati Dbmosf.txt - pericolo, ed i ricoverati non ebbero a lamentare alcun danno personale	IT	^†poor boys, boys given shelter	EN-EN		Return to Index
ridimensionamento Return to top POI it.txt - - il ridimensionamento e la ristrutturazione dei fronti d’impegno e di sviluppo dell’Ispettoria	IT	redimensioning 重組重整	EN-EN ZH	Catch-cry of the post-conciliar period.	Became part of Salesian vocabulary from GC 19 onwards, where it was referred to as a controlled development of all our works (sviluppo regolate delle nostre opere).
Rifugio Dbmosf.txt - 14° Sacro ministero - Scelta di un impiego presso al Rifugio (settembre 1844)	IT	the Refuge 庇護所	EN-EN ZH	In Salesian parlance a reference to the establishment run by the Marchioness Barolo in Turin where DB first began his pastoral ministry.	Its full title was Opera Pia sotto la protezione di Maria Vergine Rifugium Peccatorum.
rilanciare 334vigano.txt - Un appellativo, quindi, che intende rilanciare tra i giovani il gusto di Dio, la festa della vita, l’impegno per la	IT	reinvigorate 重新振作	EN-EN ZH		Return to Index
Rinaldi, Filippo	IT	Rinaldi, Philip 斐利伯李納德	EN-EN ZH	1856-1931. Followed Fr. Rua as Rector Major. We refer to Rinaldi by his Anglicised Christian name but tend to retain Don instead of Fr. This seems to be a traditional fact The person is well-known so we Anglicise the Christian name, but we keep the traditional ‘end’ of the term by calling him Don Philip Rinaldi.	Beatified in 1990.
risignificazione CG25alleg2.txt - La risignificazione della presenza	IT	giving new meaning or importance to 重新定義	EN-EN ZH	As with many Italian substantives it is best not translated by a single noun.
rispetto umano DBGiovprov.txt - ogni rispetto umano, e sebbene più volte deriso e burlato, tuttavia	IT	human respect 世俗情面	EN-EN ZH
ritiratezza Dbmosf.txt - i doveri di scuola. Amavano ambidue la ritiratezza e la pietà, e mi davano costantemente buoni consigli. Return to top	IT	flight from the world, withdrawal from the world, aloofness from the world 退隱	EN-EN ZH	While the word appears but 6 times in this form in MO, it becomes a key interpretative concept for Don Bosco’s personal spirituality	Return to Index
ritiro, ritiro mensile, trimestrale ACG384 - scrutinium paupertatis - ita.txt - modo informale, ma anche con modalità più specifiche in occasione del ritiro trimestrale	IT	(Monthly)(Three monthly) Recollection 退省月省	EN-EN ZH	The term actually means retreat, but is normally used for the monthly brief retreat	distinct from the annual retreat or esercizi spirituali
ritorno alle fonti Pv2.txt - rinnovamento della vita religiosa da tenere presenti: il «ritorno alle fonti	IT	return to the sources	EN-EN	A term belonging to Perfectae Caritatis, Vatican II, in reference to the renewal of Religious Life. In this document is it especially a return to the Word of God and the Liturgy, but also to the first inspirations of the Founder.	Salesian literature employs the term especially in reference to Don Bosco, the Oratory.
rosario SDB-Regolamenti-i.txt - Oltre al rosario, in cui Maria insegna ai suoi figli come unirsi ai misteri di Cristo	IT	Rosary, the 玫瑰經	EN-EN ZH	The term can mean either what it technically means – 150 Hail Mary’s with an Our Father at the beginning and a Glory be at the end of groups of ten, divided into 3 sets of five mysteries each – or five decades of one set of mysteries.	Salesian tradition has always made the Rosary prominent in its practice, at one time said during Mass as a way of keeping the boys occupied! Nowadays Salesians are encouraged still to recite five decades daily either privately or in a group.
Rua, Michele Return to top	IT	Rua, Michael 彌格盧華	EN-EN ZH	1837-1910, first successor of St John Bosco. English refers to him as Don Rua, Don Michael Rua. We Anglicise the Christian name since he is so well known, but keep the Italian Don as a traditional reference. That does not stop anyone from referring to him as Fr Rua of course.	Beatified 1972
Rualink	EN	Rualink	EN-EN	An email news-link emanating from the GBR Province. It goes not only to members of this province but to other parts of the English-speaking world, though mainly deals with information relating to GBR	Return to Index